Diseño, estandarización e implementación de una nueva técnica en Guatemala, para el diagnóstico rápido de hemocultivos positivos, utilizando la tecnología Maldi-tof.

Juan C. Barrera-Toledo; Sergio Melgar; Edith Oregon

doi:10.36829/63CTS.v8i1.905

Authors

Juan C. Barrera-Toledo Hospital San Juan de Dios y Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala
Sergio Melgar Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala
Edith Oregon Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36829/63CTS.v8i1.905

Abstract

Infectious diseases are a health problem that despite medical advances in terms of diagnosis continue to take lives worldwide, such is the case of sepsis. The purpose of this research was to design, standardize and implement a non-existent protocol in Guatemala, for the routine diagnosis of positive blood cultures, within the facilities of the clinical laboratory of the San Juan de Dios General Hospital; where the only Maldi-tof (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of flight-mass spectrometry) type mass spectrometer is located. For this, 240 samples of positive blood cultures were used, coming from patients of the different services. The microbiological diagnosis was made by comparing the identification data obtained from pure microbiological cultures and direct samples of BHI broth (Brain Heart Infusion) bottles. The results of the two methodologies were evaluated based on “paired or matched in groups” statistical design. The Maldi-tof technique did not show disagreement regarding identification between the two types of samples, but it did in the response time. The time reduction was 42.9 h for Gram-positive bacteria, 45.0 h for Gram-negative, and 126.2 h for yeasts, supporting identification from direct samples. This research aims to provide a new diagnostic alternative that will allow access to fast, reliable, and accurate results for the Guatemalan population. It will also help to reduce e morbidity and mortality rates of patients with sepsis, to promote hospital supplies savings, decrease the patient length of stay, save unnecessary antibiotics, and indirectly contribute to combating antimicrobial resistance; a critical problem faced by the world today.

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Author Biography

Juan C. Barrera-Toledo, Hospital San Juan de Dios y Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala

Quimico Biólogo

Maestría en Microbiología de Enfermedades Infecciosas

Estudiante de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas

Supervisor de Laboratorio Clinico del Hospital General San Juan de Dios.

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