Orbital inflammatory disease: report of fourteen cases
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36829/63CTS.v12i2.1918Keywords:
Dystrophin, Gowers, Myopathy, Pseudohypertroph, CPKAbstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive hereditary myopathy (Xp21) caused by mutations in the DMD gene, which encodes dystrophin, a protein essential for muscle fiber stability. It predominantly affects males, and definitive diagnosis is confirmed through genetic testing. This article aims to present six clinical cases of pediatric patients who presented with progressive muscle weakness and were subsequently diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. This is a descriptive observational case-series study based on a comprehensive clinical history, thorough physical examination, and the utilization of complementary diagnostic tests. The report of these cases represents an initial step toward fostering research interest in this pathology and encouraging early detection within the Guatemalan population.
Downloads
References
Albaghdadi, M. Thibodeau, M. L., & Lara-Corrales, I. (2022). Updated Approach to Patients with Multiple Café au Lait Macules. Dermatologic Clinics, 40(1), 9-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. det.2021.08.002
Bidinost, C., Pagnoni, S., Martínez, H. & Rosa A. L.. (2018). Nuevas herramientas diagnósticas de biología molecular en enfermedades neuromusculares. Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes, 29(5), 544-552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. rmclc.2018.07.006
Birnkrant, D. J., Bushby, K., Bann, C. M., Apkon, S. D., Blackwell, A., Brumbaugh, D., Case, L. E., Clemens, P. R., Hadjiyannakis, S., Pandya, S., Street, N., Tomezsko, J., Wagner, K. R., Ward, L. M., Weber, D. R., & DMD Care (2018). Diagnosis and management of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, part 1: Diagnosis and neuromuscular, rehabilitation, endocrine and gastrointestinal and nutritional management. Lancet Neurology, 17(3), 251-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/S14744422(18)30024-3
Chang, R. F., & Mubarak, S. J. (2011). Pathomechanics of Gowers’ Sign: A Video Analysis of a Spectrum of Gowers’ Maneuvers. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 470(7), 1987-1991. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s11999-011-2210-6
Crisafulli, S., Sultana, J., Fontana, A., Salvo, F., Messina, S., & Trifirò, G. (2020). Global epidemiology of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 15(1), Artículo 141. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-020-01430-8
da Silva, T. H., Anequini, I. P., Fávero, F. M., Voos, M. C., Oliveira, A. S. B., Telles, J. A. R., & Caromano, F. A. (2020). Functional performance and muscular strength in symptomatic female carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 78(3), 143-148. https://doi. org/10.1590/0004-282x20190168
Dzierlega, K., & Yokota, T. (2020). Optimization of antisense-mediated exon skipping for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Gene Therapy, 27(9), 407-416. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41434-020-0156-6
Ervasti, J. M. (2000-2013). Structure and function of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex. En Madame Curie Bioscience Database [internet]. Landes Bioscience. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/ NBK6193/
Gan, S. Liu, S., Yang, H., & Wu, L. (2022). Clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese Duchenne/ Becker muscular dystrophy patients with small mutations. Frontier in Neuroscience, 16, Artículo 992546. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.992546
Guapi Nauñay, V. H., & García Orbe, J. R. (2017). Distrofia muscular de Duchenne: Reportes de caso. Universitas Médica, 58(4). https://doi.org/10.11144/ Javeriana.umed58-4.duch
Huamán-Dianderas, F. del P., Guevara-Fujita, M. L., Rojas Málaga, D., Estrada-Cuzcano, A., & Fujita, R. (2019). Detección de mutaciones causantes de distrofia muscular de Duchenne/Becker: Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa Multiplex vs. Amplificación múltiple dependiente de ligación por sondas. Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública, 36(3), 475-480. https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2019.363.4085
Iannaccone, S. T., & Castro, D. (2013). Congenital Muscular Dystrophies and Congenital Myopathies. Continuum, 19(6), 1509-1534. https://doi. org/10.1212/01.CON.0000440658.03557.f1
Kumar, S. H., Athimoolam, K., Suraj, M., Das Christu Das, M. S., Muralidharan, A., Jeyam, D., Ashokan, J., Karthikeyan, P., Krishna, R., Khanna-Gupta, A., & Raman, L. B. (2020). Comprehensive genetic analysis of 961 unrelated Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy patients: Focus on diagnosis, prevention and therapeutic possibilities. PLoS ONE, 15(6), Artículo e0232654. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0232654
Lee, S. H., Lee, J. H., Lee, K., & Choi, Y. (2015). Clinical and genetic characterization of female dystrophinopathy. Journal of Clinical Neurology, 11(3), 248-251. https://doi.org/10.3988/ jcn.2015.11.3.248
Mercuri, E., Osorio, A. N., Muntoni, F., Buccella, F., Desguerre, I., Kirschner, J., Tulinius, M., Dutra 154 | Ciencia, Tecnología y Salud, 12(2) 2025, 148-155
de Resende, M.B., Morgenroth, L. P., GordishDressman, H., Johnson, S., Kristensen, A., Werner, C., Trifillis, P., Henricson, E. K., & McDonald, C. M. (2023). Safety and effectiveness of ataluren in patients with nonsense mutation DMD in the STRIDE Registry compared with the CINRG Duchenne Natural History Study (2015–2022): 2022 interim analysis. Journal of Neurology, 270(8), 3896-3913. https://doi. org/10.1007/s00415-023-11687-1
Orraca Castillo, M., Licourt Otero, D., Sánchez Alvarez de la Campa, A. I. (2011). Reporte de familias con neurofibromatosis y otras enfermedades genéticas. Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Rio, 15(4), 260-268. Pearce, J. M. S. (2000). Gowers’ sign. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 68(2), Artículo 149. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.68.2.149
Perera, N., Sampaio, H., Woodhead, H., & Farrar, M. (2016). Fracture in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Natural History and Vitamin D Deficiency. Journal of Child Neurology, 31(9), 11811187. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0883073816650034
Salari, N., Fatahi, B., Valipour, E., Kazeminia, M., Fatahian, R., Kiaei, A., Shohaimi, S., & Mohammadi, M. (2022). Global prevalence of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 17(1), Artículo 96. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-02202996-8
Tamura, R. (2021). Current Understanding of Neurofibromatosis Type 1, 2, and Schwannomatosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(11), Artículo 5850. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115850
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Marcela Orozco, Julio Rafael Cabrera Valverde, Jorge Alfredo León Aldana

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
El autor que publique en esta revista acepta las siguientes condiciones:
- El autor otorga a la Dirección General de Investigación el derecho de editar, reproducir, publicar y difundir el manuscrito en forma impresa o electrónica en la revista Ciencia, Tecnología y Salud.
- La Direción General de Investigación otorgará a la obra una licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
