Eficiencia de solubilización de fósforo de aislados nativos guatemaltecos de Pseudomonas fluorescens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36829/63CTS.v8i2.923Palabras clave:
disponibilidad de fósforo, Andisoles, relaciones genéticas, índice de solubilización, estabilidad de solubilizaciónResumen
El fósforo (P) es un elemento esencial en la producción agrícola, pero debido a su compleja dinámica en el suelo, solo una pequeña cantidad es aprovechable para las plantas, ya que la mayoría del P se encuentra en formas insolubles, especialmente, en suelos Andisoles de origen volcánico. Los microorganismos con capacidad solubilizadora de fósforo (MSF) son una alternativa para transformar el P a formas solubles y aprovechables por las plantas; además de brindar múltiples beneficios ambientales. Este trabajo identificó y evaluó in vitro, aislados nativos de Pseudomonas fluorescens Mingula, obtenidos de regiones guatemaltecas con suelos Andisoles que limitan la producción agrícola por la alta fijación de P. Se realizaron cultivos in vitro de la bacteria en medio National Botanical Research Institute's phosphate growth (NBRIP), con fosfato tricálcico Ca3(PO4)2 como fuente de P insoluble y se midió el índice de solubilización de fósforo (ISF). Un total de 35 aislados de P. fluorescens fueron identificados y confirmados por PCR específico. El análisis de relaciones genéticas con el marcador AFLP, mostró dos grupos: el grupo A incluyó a los aislados con ISF mayores a 1.75, mientras el grupo B incluyó a aquellos con ISF menor a 1.75. La comparación de ISF entre los aislados y departamentos, demostró diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p < .001), con el aislado Pf_33 como más eficiente. Debido al potencial de solubilización de los aislados nativos del grupo genético A (ISF > 1.75), estos se recomiendan para futuras investigaciones que determinen su respuesta a condiciones de campo y estrategias para el desarrollo de biofertilizantes.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Jose A. Ruiz-Chutan, Julio E. Berdúo-Sandoval, Anibal Sacbajá, Marie Kalousová, Bohdan Lojka, Eloy Fernandez, Jana Žiarovská, Amilcar Sanchez-Perez
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
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